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Question: Reason for and impact of unemployment More than two decades since South Africa's transition to democracy,young people continue to face significant challenges in their lives. One of those challenges is the persistently high rate of young people who are not in Employment, Education or Training (NEET),which has exceeded 30%for the past ten years, despite various private and public interventions aimed at addressing this situation. This translates to more than 3 million young people aged15 to 24 who are NEET. The significance of addressing this phenomenon cannot be overstated,as young people who are NEET are highly vulnerable in the labour market and are at risk of continued social exclusion, particularly when they have been NEET for alonger period of time. This has a potential to affect their social, emotional, psychological and economic well-being. Indeed, existing research demonstrate that prolonged disconnection from the labour market and education or training opportunities significantly increase the risks of enduring income poverty and mental health issues (Branson et Al.,2019;Gariépy et Al.,2021;Rahmani and Groot,2023). Admist these challenges,the South African school going youths continue to make poor decisions about subject combination. Interestingly,there are various support services in schools and communities to help them with proper subject choices,but most youths are just despondent they do not see any value in such services. As a result,these services are not meaningfully being used. For example,few youths consider volunteering,doing part time jobs,and or informal jobs , which are important adventure to make yourself attractive to potential employers. This creates serious challenge as potential employers prefer experienced individuals to be part of their staffers and this,then,cause youth apathy. This is even more pronounced in the context of the high prevalent rates of corruption and fraud. Many researchers have confirmed that corruption, indeed,plays a role in the manner in which aspirant employees are recruited. The tale does not end and it becomes worse year out. Despite the ongoing corruption in the recruitment processes,the youth could still make themselves attractive to potential employers. Not all employers are corrupt. There is evidence that certain companies still look for a particular set of skills that could improve their productivity. To them,it is all about the needed skills for their companies. At the end of it all , getting a job may have far reaching benefits to an individual. They usually say, getting employed completes your life meaning getting a job may transform your life and that of your family, friends, community and society. 1. Define the term unemployment and state ONE reason for unemployment.(2+1)(3) 2. Mention FOUR psychological impacts of unemployment on school going youths.(4×1)(4) 3. Indicate the importance of making proper subject choices at grade 10 for you to succeed in pursuance of your post school destinations.(2×1)(2) 4. Differentiate between part time jobs and informal jobs as mechanisms to deal with unemployment.(2×2)(4) 5. Clarify how finding yourself in an unsatisfactory work environment could eventually result in you being unemployed.(2×2)(4) 6. Explain how getting poor results in grade 12 could result in you pursuing careers you don't actually have interest in.(4×2)(8) 7. Analyse how volunteering in certain work settings could provide opportunities for future employment in similar work environments.(2×4)(8) 8. Assess how normalisation of corruption could contribute to the high levels of unemployment among the youth.(1×4)(4) 9. Recommend ways in which young people could make themselves more attractive to potential employers and further indicate how that could benefit the workplace.(2×3)(6)
Certainly! Here is a detailed breakdown of each question: ### 1. Define the term unemployment and state ONE reason for unemployment. (2+1)(3) - **Unemployment**: Unemployment refers to the state of being without a job despite being willing and able to work and actively seeking employment. - **Reason for Unemployment**: - **Lack of skills or qualifications**: Many individuals may lack the necessary skills or qualifications required by employers, resulting in unemployment. ### 2. Mention FOUR psychological impacts of unemployment on school-going youths. (4×1)(4) 1. **Depression**: Prolonged unemployment can lead to feelings of hopelessness and clinical depression. 2. Anxiety: Continual stress about future prospects and financial instability can cause significant anxiety. 3. **Low self-esteem**: Repeated job rejections can lead to feelings of worthlessness and diminished self-confidence. 4. **Social isolation**: Unemployment can restrict social interactions, leading to isolation and a lack of social support. ### 3. Indicate the importance of making proper subject choices at grade 10 for you to succeed in pursuance of your post-school destinations. (2×1)(2) 1. **Alignment with career goals**: Proper subject choices can ensure that students are prepared for tertiary education and career paths that require specific subjects. 2. **Competitive edge**: Subjects that are in demand can provide a competitive advantage in the job market, improving employment prospects. ### 4. Differentiate between part-time jobs and informal jobs as mechanisms to deal with unemployment. (2×2)(4) - **Part-Time Jobs**: - **Structured:** Part-time jobs typically have set hours and work schedules, often providing formal employment benefits. - **Legal Protections:** Employees in part-time jobs are usually entitled to certain labor protections and rights. - **Informal Jobs**: - **Unstructured:** Informal jobs often lack set hours and are typically more flexible, such as freelancing or casual labor. - **Lack of Legal Protections**: Informal jobs often lack formal labor protections and may not provide benefits like healthcare or leave. ### 5. Clarify how finding yourself in an unsatisfactory work environment could eventually result in you being unemployed. (2×2)(4) 1. **Job Quitting**: Individuals may choose to leave an unsatisfactory work environment if it is too stressful, unfulfilling, or toxic. 2. **Poor Performance**: A negative work environment can lead to decreased motivation and productivity, which can result in job termination. ### 6. Explain how getting poor results in grade 12 could result in you pursuing careers you don't actually have interest in. (4×2)(8) 1. **Limited Options**: Poor Grade 12 results can restrict access to preferred university courses or training programs. 2. **Compromise**: Individuals may have to choose career paths that require lower qualifications instead of their areas of interest. 3. **Frustration**: Entering a career field that doesn’t align with one’s passion may lead to career dissatisfaction. 4. **Burnout**: Long-term engagement in an uninteresting career can result in burnout and potential job loss. ### 7. Analyse how volunteering in certain work settings could provide opportunities for future employment in similar work environments. (2×4)(8) 1. **Skill Development**: Volunteering helps individuals acquire relevant skills and experience that are valuable in the job market. 2. **Networking Opportunities**: Volunteering allows individuals to build professional connections that can lead to job referrals and recommendations. 3. **Demonstration of Work Ethic**: Employers often view volunteering as a sign of commitment and a strong work ethic. 4. **Foot in the Door**: Volunteering can lead to awareness of job openings and potential recruitment within the same organization. ### 8. Assess how normalization of corruption could contribute to the high levels of unemployment among the youth. (1×4)(4) 1. **Unfair Recruitment Processes**: Nepotism and bribery reduce equal opportunities for all job applicants, favoring those who pay or have connections. 2. **Reduced Investment**: Corruption deters domestic and foreign investment, leading to fewer job opportunities. 3. **Economic Instability**: Corruption can lead to misallocation of resources and increased public distrust, hampering overall economic growth. 4. **Undermined Meritocracy**: Youth may become disillusioned and less motivated when they see that success is based on corruption rather than merit. ### 9. Recommend ways in which young people could make themselves more attractive to potential employers and further indicate how that could benefit the workplace. (2×3)(6) 1. **Continuous Learning and Skill Development** - **Benefit**: Ensures that employees bring up-to-date knowledge and skills to the workplace, enhancing efficiency and innovation. 2. **Engaging in Internships and Volunteer Work** - **Benefit**: Provides practical experience and demonstrates a proactive attitude, increasing overall productivity and motivation within the workplace. I hope this answers your questions comprehensively. If there’s anything else you need, feel free to ask!
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