Title: Exploring Linguistic Transformations: From "Equal" to "Inequality"

The underlined word "equality" is indeed formed from the root word "equal." The changes that occurred to form "equality" from "equal" include: 1. **Addition of Suffix**: The suffix "-ity" is added to the root word "equal." The suffix "-ity" is often used to form abstract nouns from adjectives, indicating a state, condition, or quality. In this case, it transforms the adjective "equal" into the noun "equality." 2. **Spelling Adjustment**: When adding the suffix "-ity" to "equal," there is no additional change to the spelling of "equal." It directly attaches to the root without any alterations or removal of letters. So, "equal" (adjective) + "-ity" (suffix) = "equality" (noun). The noun "equality" denotes the state or quality of being equal, which aligns with the values of social justice and fairness emphasized in the text.