Punishment After Every Incident Increases Behavioural Change

True. Consistency in applying punishment after every instance of unwanted behavior is generally more effective in modifying or extinguishing that behavior. This concept is rooted in the principles of operant conditioning, a theory of learning developed by psychologist B.F. Skinner. Skinner's work indicated that behavior, whether positive or negative, is influenced by consequences. If an unpleasant result follows an action each time the action occurs (i.e., punishment is consistent), the behavior is likely to decrease over time. However, it is essential to note that effectiveness can depend on factors such as severity and immediacy of punishment, the individual's perception and understanding of the punishment, and the alternative behaviors offered as positive reinforcement. Additionally, while consistent punishment can be effective at reducing or eliminating unwanted behavior, it does not teach what the appropriate behavior should be in its place. Therefore, it's recommended to incorporate positive reinforcement for desirable behavior in combination with punishment for unwanted behavior for a more holistic approach. Furthermore, it's important to use punishment ethically and ensure it doesn't cause harm, never abuse or a violation of any person's rights. Keep in mind that behavioral modification strategies such as these should not be used without thorough understanding or professional guidance as it can lead to harmful effects if not used correctly.

False. Research has found that punishment applied inconsistently is more effective than punishment applied consistently. For example, a study conducted by Hutchinson, Patton, and Keith (2003) found that punishment was only effective at reducing a target behavior when it was applied inconsistently. Thus, evidence suggests that punishment applied inconsistently is more effective than punishment applied consistently.