Gene therapy: A transformative medical approach

Question: can you summarize this: Gene therapy, a transformative medical approach, involves modifying cellular genetic content to combat disease. Utilizing vectors, often viruses, a healthy gene replaces a defective one in a patient's cells. Despite its experimental status, gene therapy shows potential against malignancies, genetic disorders, and viral infections. Challenges include accurate gene control and vector-associated risks like insertional mutagenesis, which can disrupt host cell genes, possibly leading to cancer. The EIAV lentivirus vector study uncovers insertional mutagenesis' significance. Injected into mouse genomes, it induced genetic changes resulting in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), emphasizing the genotoxic risk of lentiviral vectors. Recovery methodologies, like LAM PCR, unravel genetic insights. The B-raf gene's involvement in the MAP kinase pathway suggests cancer links. This study examined EIAV-induced tumour DNA sequences, aligning with B-raf gene's sequence, underpinning cancer-associated cascades. Gene therapy holds transformative potential, providing solutions for existing health challenges.