Fluoro Alcohols and Poly Fluoro Alcohols: The Basics -> Basics of Fluoro Alcohols P Phase Compounds: Tough Cookies -> Toughness of P Phase Compounds P Phase Products Through the Years -> Evolut

Sure, here are the concise answers to your questions: **1. What are fluoro alcohol and poly fluoro alcohol substances?** Fluoro alcohols are organic compounds with a fluorine atom replacing a hydrogen atom in the alcohol group. Poly fluoro alcohols have multiple fluorine atoms replacing hydrogen atoms. **2. Why are P phase (PFAS) compounds resistant to breaking down?** PFAS compounds have strong carbon-fluorine bonds, making them highly resistant to chemical, biological, and thermal degradation. **3. What are some of the consumer and industrial products that have used PFAS since the 1940s?** PFAS are used in non-stick cookware, water-repellent clothing, stain-resistant fabrics and carpets, fire-fighting foams, and food packaging. **4. What is it about PFAS compounds that makes them so useful?** Their stability, resistance to heat, water, and oil, and non-stick properties make PFAS highly useful in various applications. **5. Do PFAS compounds occur in nature?** No, PFAS compounds are man-made and do not occur naturally. **6. How long does it take for PFAS compounds to break down in the environment and in the human body?** They persist for decades or even centuries in the environment and can remain in the human body for years. **7. What are some of the potential health effects of PFAS contamination according to the CDC's agency for toxic substances and disease registry?** PFAS contamination can lead to liver damage, thyroid disease, increased cholesterol, changes in hormone levels, and increased risk of certain cancers. **8. What did the Environmental Protection Agency release in February 2019 regarding PFAS?** The EPA released a PFAS Action Plan, outlining steps to address PFAS contamination. **9. When did the Department of Environmental Conservation start testing drinking water for 5 PFAS compounds in Alaska?** The testing began in 2019. **10. What is the first step toward understanding how to combat forever chemicals?** The first step is comprehensive testing and monitoring to understand the extent and impact of contamination.