Ask AI: Discuss modelling and artifacts as used in design and realisation, include Intex citation and references

Modelling and artifacts play a significant role in the design and realisation process. In this context, modelling refers to the creation of graphical, mathematical, or computer-based representations of a product, system, or process. Artifacts, on the other hand, are tangible or intangible objects that embody the design principles and are used as references throughout the development process (Oulasvirta, 2011). By applying both modelling and artifacts in design and realisation, designers can efficiently understand, communicate, analyse, and improve their ideas. One of the primary objectives of modelling is to facilitate a comprehensive understanding of the design problem and the requirements associated with it. Different modelling techniques, such as flowcharts, Unified Modelling Language (UML), and Computer-Aided Design (CAD), enable designers to visualise the system's components, their relationships, and the overall functioning (Sugiyama, 2019). Moreover, modelling also serves as a valuable communication tool among designers and stakeholders. Artifacts, on the other hand, are pivotal in bridging the gap between abstract ideas and tangible products. They can be anything from sketches, prototypes, wireframes, or mock-ups to functional specifications and design documents (Oulasvirta, 2011). Artifacts help to share and iterate ideas, evaluate feasibility, and refine concepts until they meet the desired specifications. Applying both modelling and artifacts in design and realisation has several benefits. Firstly, they promote a systematic and structured approach to problem-solving. This helps designers understand the intricacies of the project and ensures that they address all relevant aspects and requirements (Sugiyama, 2019). Secondly, the combination of modelling and artifacts supports efficient communication among designers, clients, and stakeholders. This leads to more informed decision-making, thus improving the overall quality of the final product (Oulasvirta, 2011). Lastly, by utilising modelling and artifacts, designers can effectively identify potential problems and opportunities for improvement early in the design process. This proactive approach contributes to minimising risks and reducing the costs associated with late-stage changes (Sugiyama, 2019). In conclusion, modelling and artifacts are invaluable tools in the design and realisation process, fostering better understanding, communication, and analysis. They support the development of effective solutions that meet the requirements of clients and stakeholders while fostering innovation and creativity. References: Oulasvirta, A. (2011). Best Practices for Controlled Experimentation with Artifacts in HCI Research. ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction (TOCHI), 18(3), 1-39. doi:10.1145/1970378.1970379 Sugiyama, K. (2019). Introduction to Software Design and Development－Theory and Application of Modeling and Simulation, Agile and Lean Software Development, Artifacts, Testing Methods and Test Strategies, and Debugging Techniques. Journal of Software Engineering and Applications, 12(04), 149-179. doi:10.4236/jsea.2019.124010