Ask AI: Describe the in vitro methods used to stimulate cartilage tissue formation with bioactive scaffolds.

1. Polymer-based scaffolds: Polymer-based scaffolds are composed of specialized materials such as PLGA, PELA, and PCL. These materials enable the formation of a 3D environment for the development of cartilage tissue. 2. Cell seeding: Cells, such as chondrocytes and stem cells, are typically isolated from an animal or human donor and seeded onto the scaffolds. The cells are then allowed to proliferate, migrate, and differentiate into cartilage-forming cells. 3. Differentiation media: The cells are cultured in specialized differentiation media to further stimulate the formation of cartilage-specific extracellular matrix components, such as collagen and proteoglycans. 4. Bioactive factors: Bioactive factors, such as growth factors, can be used to further induce and direct the differentiation process. 5. Mechanical stimulation: Mechanical stimulation, such as cyclic strain, can be applied to the cartilage construct to further encourage the growth of cartilage tissue.