Coherence in English writing refers to the logical connection and flow of ideas throughout a text, ensuring that the meaning is clear and understandable to the reader. 3.2 Explanation: 3.2.1 The cohe

3.1 Coherence, in its linguistic context, refers to the logical and smooth flow of ideas in a text or speech. It is the quality that makes a piece of writing eas-to-understood and logically connected. A text is coherent when the points being made are logically interconnected, allowing for easy navigation from one idea to the next. The use of cohesive devices plays a big part in ensuring coherence. 3.2.1 The underlined cohesive device in the sentence is "but". It is a coordinating conjunction that is frequently used to introduce a contrast or conflict in the ideas presented in the sentence. In this context, it indicates a surprising or unexpected development in the relationship between the two actors. 3.2.2 The cohesive device underlined in the sentence is "hence". It is an adverb that is often used to denote cause and effect. It means "as a result of", or "therefore". In the sentence, it connects two independent clauses, indicating the judge's harsh sentence is a direct consequence of the offender's abominable act. 3.3.3 Sam was determined to lose weight; however, his love for sweets made it difficult. The cohesive device underlined here is "however". 3.3.4 "However" is an adverb used as a transitional phrase to show a contrast or disagreement between two ideas in a sentence. It is signaling that the idea presented in the second part of the sentence contrasts or conflicts with what was stated in the first part. In this context, "however" indicates a challenging obstacle to Sam's determination to lose weight - his love for sweets.