Cellular Processes: Energy and Genetics Quiz

Sure, let’s go through each of these questions: 1. **Which process requires cellular energy?** - A. Osmosis - B. Diffusion - C. Passive transport - D. Active transport **Answer:** D. Active transport Active transport is the process that requires cellular energy (ATP) to move substances against their concentration gradient, from a region of lower concentration to a region of higher concentration. 2. **A boy inherits genes that would ordinarily allow him to grow to be tall. His growth is stunted as a result of poor nutrition. This is an example of —** - A. an environmental influence on gene expression. - B. a characteristic controlled by at least two genes. - C. the expression of a hidden trait. - D. an inherited disorder. **Answer:** A. an environmental influence on gene expression. This scenario illustrates how environmental factors such as nutrition can influence the expression of genes, even when the genetic potential for a particular trait (in this case, height) is present. 3. **Which statement accurately describes the energy needs for photosynthesis and cellular respiration?** - A. Solar energy is needed for photosynthesis, and chemical energy in the form of glucose is needed for cellular respiration. - B. Chemical energy in the form of glucose is needed for photosynthesis, and solar energy is needed for cellular respiration. - C. Solar energy is needed for cellular respiration but not for photosynthesis. - D. Chemical energy in the form of glucose is needed for both cellular respiration and photosynthesis. **Answer:** A. Solar energy is needed for photosynthesis, and chemical energy in the form of glucose is needed for cellular respiration. Photosynthesis converts solar energy into chemical energy stored in glucose, whereas cellular respiration converts the chemical energy in glucose into ATP, which cells use for energy. I hope this helps! Let me know if you have any more questions or need further clarification on any of these points.