1. **Resource Management Lessons** 2. **Practicing Sharing and Fairness** 3. **Adaptability and Inclusion Test** 4. **Learning Teamwork Through Games** 5. **Dividing Equally: Juice and Cake** 6.

Mpho’s birthday party provides a great context for exploring various mathematical concepts in a fun and practical manner. Here’s how different activities and elements of the party can illustrate key concepts: ### **1. Division and Sharing Equally:** **Concept:** Division / Fair Sharing **Activity:** - Mpho’s mom provided exactly 30 cupcakes, sweets, and apples for 30 children. - When 2 more children enroll (making it 32), determine how to divide the items equally among all the children. - **Division of Cupcakes/Sweets/Apples**: If 32 children need to share 30 items, you can ask the children to decide how to share them fairly, possibly explaining the idea of fractions if children understand (e.g., 30 cupcakes for 32 children = exact amount per child is a little less than 1 cupcake each). ### **2. Understanding Fractions and Decimals:** **Concept:** Fractions **Activity:** - The 6 2-litre bottles of orange juice need to be shared among 32 children. - **Division of Orange Juice**: Each child would get 6 * 2 (litres) / 32 (children) = 12/32 = 3/8 of a litre. Discuss what a fraction is and how to visualize 3/8 of a litre. - **Using Cups for Orange Juice**: Pouring the juice into smaller, tangible amounts can help understand a fraction of a whole. ### **3. Grouping and Multiplication:** **Concept:** Grouping / Multiplication **Activity:** - Children playing outdoor games in groups of 5. - **Forming Groups**: 32 children form into groups of 5 and finding how many groups can be made. 32 / 5 = 6 groups of 5 children, with 2 children remaining. Talk about how to handle the remainder 2 children when dividing into groups. ### **4. Counting and Addition:** **Concept:** Basic counting and addition **Activity:** - **Counting Smarties on the Cake**: Ask the children to count the number of Smarties as they cut the cake. - **Adding Up Total Food Items**: Add the total number of food items brought for the party (cupcakes, sweets, apples combined). ### **5. Problem-Solving and Logical Thinking:** **Concept:** Problem Solving **Activity:** - **Adjusting for New Class Size**: Have a discussion about how to solve the problem of not having enough items (for example, breaking the cupcakes into smaller pieces, sharing, or taking turns). - **Game Strategy**: Discuss strategies for playing games in groups and ensuring everyone gets a turn. ### **6. Understanding Larger Units and Volume:** **Concept:** Measurement **Activity:** - **Orange Juice Bottles**: Understanding that 1 bottle equals 2 litres and thus discussing the volume in litres and millilitres. - **Pouring Drinks**: Measuring 3/8 of a litre or using a measurement cup to pour equal amounts. ### **7. Overview of Birthdays and Dates:** **Concept:** Time/Calendar concepts **Discussion:** - Discuss the date of Mpho’s birthday (February 3rd) and how birthdays and ages work over time. Using the real-life context of a birthday party, these activities not only make the mathematical concepts engaging but also practical as the children can see their immediate application. This could potentially enhance understanding and retention.